Sequences of intestinal and hepatic cytochrome P450 3A4 cDNAs are identical.

Short Communication Sequences of Intestinal and Hepatic Cytochrome P450 3A4 cDNAs are Identical

Cytochrome P450 (CYP or P450) 3A4 is known to be the major P450 expressed in the liver. More recently, CYP3A4 was also shown to be the major P450 in the intestine, where it plays an important role in the metabolism of some orally administered drugs. However, studies examining the catalytic properties of CYP3A4 have been largely based on the use of CYP3A4 enzyme obtained from liver or recombinan...

Fentanyl metabolism by human hepatic and intestinal cytochrome P450 3A4: implications for interindividual variability in disposition, efficacy, and drug interactions.

The synthetic opioid fentanyl undergoes extensive metabolism in humans. Systemic elimination occurs primarily by hepatic metabolism. When administered as a lozenge for oral transmucosal absorption, swallowed fentanyl is subject to first pass metabolism in the liver and possibly small intestine. Little is known, however, about the identity and formation of human fentanyl metabolites. This invest...

Garlic extract induces intestinal P-glycoprotein, but exhibits no effect on intestinal and hepatic CYP3A4 in humans.

Garlic extracts have been shown to decrease drug exposure for saquinavir, a P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A4 substrate. In order to explore the underlying mechanisms and to study the effects of garlic on pre-systemic drug elimination, healthy volunteers were administered garlic extract for 21 days. Prior to and at the end of this period, expression of duodenal P-glycoprotein and cytochrom...

Expression of cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Currently several studies are being carried out on various properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)however there are a few investigations about drug metabolizing properties of these cells. The aim of thisstudy was to measure the key factors involved in drug metabolism in human bone marrow MSCs. For thispurpose, cellular glutathione (GSH), glutathione Stransferase (GSTs) and...

A Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 – Pregnane X Receptor Pathway Downregulates Hepatic Cytochrome P450 3A4 in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease